Asia’s Aging Security

by Andrew L. Oros

In his new book, Andrew L. Oros, professor of political science and international studies, analyzes the effects that rapid population and other demographic changes are having and will have on the countries of Asia and the Pacific. The region is large and diverse, with some countries’ populations growing while others are stagnating or shrinking; some countries are in the process of industrialization, yet others are post-industrial or turning to service industries. This makes the analysis of the region all the more complicated, and the implications more timely and important.

Oros examines the demographics of 16 countries, comparing the changes and rates of change, and considering their implications for regional security. He shows how even countries with shrinking populations can maintain their military status. Technological changes, including the deployment of autonomous defense systems and integrating artificial intelligence into military assets, can mitigate some of the issues with a declining military-age population. He also looks at how other national advantages, for example, better healthcare, can also contribute to a country’s military readiness.

While some of these demographic issues can be mitigated or turned to a country’s advantage, the rapid shifts will still have profound effects on the region and its security balance. Oros’ book makes the case that understanding these demographic shifts and their consequences is necessary for a smart 21st-century foreign policy for the U.S. and its allies.

— Darrach Dolan